A tessellation is created when a shape is repeated over and over again covering a plane without any gaps or overlaps. Another word for a tessellation is a tiling
To create a tessellation, do these steps in order:
1. Go to file>new> custom from the drag down menu.
2. Create an 8" high x 8" wide document with 300 resolution.
3. Create grid line markers at the 4" wide and 4" tall area by dragging from the rulers. If you are not able to view the rulers, press view > view ruler and check next to it. if you have trouble with making the ruler work. to the exact size. Go to view and hit new guide. Put in the in. that you need ex. 2- 2,4,6 horizontal and the same for vertical.
4. Save as Tessellation 8 inch template in Photoshop or Jpeg on your desktop.
*** for the 2" template, follow steps 1 & 2 and create grids at the 2", 4", and 6" markers.
You can make the guidelines exact by pressing
view- new guide- horizontal 2 inch, then view- new guide- horizontal 4 inch, view, new guide- horizontal 6 inch, then view- new guide- vertical 2 inches, view- new guide- vertical 4 inches, view- new guide- vertical 6 inches
5. Choose a photograph that you think may look good as a tessellation from iPhoto. Tree branches, flowers, etc work well.
6. Drag that photo into the icon for Photoshop as a new file. (Do not drag it on top of the mandala until you've cropped it to the correct size using the steps below!)
7. Crop within the image to a square. Use the option on the top left side to change it from "unconstrained" to 1 x 1 square.
8. Edit the size of the image by pressing image > image size and change to 4" wide and 4" height, 300 resolution.
9. For the sample- drag the image of the original cropped photo using the move tool to the mandala template and position it in the top left hand corner.
10. Duplicate the layer by going layer> duplicate layer.
11. Move the top duplicate layer to the right side and change how it's positioned by going edit> transform > flip horizontal.
12. Go back to layer one and layer >duplicate layer again.
13. Move the next duplicate layer from the top left hand side to the bottom left corner and press edit> transform> flip vertical.
14. Highlight layer one again and layer> duplicate layer for the third time.
15. Move the layer to the bottom right hand side and edit > transform > flip horizontal and then edit >transform > flip vertical. You may have to adjust it to make a geometric pattern in the center.
16. Move the guide using the move tool to make sure there's no white areas. If there are, reposition the images so they overlap slightly. Again, make sure that all the layers are copied from the original layer to make sure they're the same size.
17. When they look best, merge the layers by pressing layer > merge visible and then adjust the brightness/contrast as needed.
The biggest struggle was finding pout the trick in making the ruler work. And making sure that the image was in the corner.
I am most pround of in this project that they came into cool patterns and the colors turned out really popping.
To create a tessellation, do these steps in order:
1. Go to file>new> custom from the drag down menu.
2. Create an 8" high x 8" wide document with 300 resolution.
3. Create grid line markers at the 4" wide and 4" tall area by dragging from the rulers. If you are not able to view the rulers, press view > view ruler and check next to it. if you have trouble with making the ruler work. to the exact size. Go to view and hit new guide. Put in the in. that you need ex. 2- 2,4,6 horizontal and the same for vertical.
4. Save as Tessellation 8 inch template in Photoshop or Jpeg on your desktop.
*** for the 2" template, follow steps 1 & 2 and create grids at the 2", 4", and 6" markers.
You can make the guidelines exact by pressing
view- new guide- horizontal 2 inch, then view- new guide- horizontal 4 inch, view, new guide- horizontal 6 inch, then view- new guide- vertical 2 inches, view- new guide- vertical 4 inches, view- new guide- vertical 6 inches
5. Choose a photograph that you think may look good as a tessellation from iPhoto. Tree branches, flowers, etc work well.
6. Drag that photo into the icon for Photoshop as a new file. (Do not drag it on top of the mandala until you've cropped it to the correct size using the steps below!)
7. Crop within the image to a square. Use the option on the top left side to change it from "unconstrained" to 1 x 1 square.
8. Edit the size of the image by pressing image > image size and change to 4" wide and 4" height, 300 resolution.
9. For the sample- drag the image of the original cropped photo using the move tool to the mandala template and position it in the top left hand corner.
10. Duplicate the layer by going layer> duplicate layer.
11. Move the top duplicate layer to the right side and change how it's positioned by going edit> transform > flip horizontal.
12. Go back to layer one and layer >duplicate layer again.
13. Move the next duplicate layer from the top left hand side to the bottom left corner and press edit> transform> flip vertical.
14. Highlight layer one again and layer> duplicate layer for the third time.
15. Move the layer to the bottom right hand side and edit > transform > flip horizontal and then edit >transform > flip vertical. You may have to adjust it to make a geometric pattern in the center.
16. Move the guide using the move tool to make sure there's no white areas. If there are, reposition the images so they overlap slightly. Again, make sure that all the layers are copied from the original layer to make sure they're the same size.
17. When they look best, merge the layers by pressing layer > merge visible and then adjust the brightness/contrast as needed.
The biggest struggle was finding pout the trick in making the ruler work. And making sure that the image was in the corner.
I am most pround of in this project that they came into cool patterns and the colors turned out really popping.
PHOTOGRAPHY 101
Exposure- controlled by the aperture, shutter speed and ISO
Aperture: how much light gets into the camera
f/2.8= large aperture, a lot of light, shallow depth of field (good for photographing food and babies)
f/22= small aperture, a small amount of light, deep depth of field (good for photographing landscapes)
Shutter speed- determines how fast the light gets into the camera
1/60th of a second is the fastest for handheld photographs, otherwise use a tripod for anything slower
1/250th of a second or faster for freezing action
1/10th of a second or slower for nighttime photographs with a tripod
ISO- determines the sensitivity of the light
ISO 100- bright and sunny day
ISO 400- in the shade
ISO 800- inside
ISO 1600+- nighttime
Camera Settings:
M= Manual = you control the aperture and shutter speed for the exposure
S= Shutter Priority= shutter speed is the priority over aperture= use when movement is the most important element
A= Aperture Priority= aperture is the priority over shutter speed= use when want shallow or deep depth of field (i.e. food or landscape)
P= Program= camera determines what the best exposure is for the subject
Compositional Terms
Rule of thirds= most important subject is in the third quadrant of the photograph
Leading line= a pathway carries your eyes through the photograph
Simplicity= the subject is straightforward with a plain background
Symmetry= the two subjects are parallel and echo each other
Framing= your subject is framed by something like a window frame, gazebo, tree branches, etc
Crop= your subject is close up and shows detail and texture
Vantage Points= Where you stand when you are taking the photograph. Be sure to vary your position when taking the shot!
Worm's eye view- you are down on the ground
Bird's eye view- you are high above the subject
Side angle- you are to the side of the subject
Elements of Art
The building blocks of design
Color= warm colors/red, orange, yellow cool colors/ blue, green Primary colors: red, yellow, blue Monochromatic: shades of one color
Line= the first thing you see is a line throughout the composition
Value= the light and dark of a photograph
Space= how something goes out in the distance, or positive and negative space
Shape= organic- in nature inorganic- manmade (i.e. you would not see a rectangle in nature)
Form= three dimensional
Texture=surface detail of a subject, i.e. detail of fur
Principles of Art
The glue that sticks the design together
Unity= all elements work together, even unusual objects (i.e. the girl holding a monkey in a golden field)
Proportion= how something looks in size compared to another, i.e. a small person next to a mountain
Rhythm= repeated elements, like several sailboats in a row
Harmony= everything meshes together, like a sunset on a lake
Balance= symmetry- butterfly wings
Emphasis= the first thing a person looks at
Variety= something unusual in the photograph that you wouldn't see ordinarily
Aperture: how much light gets into the camera
f/2.8= large aperture, a lot of light, shallow depth of field (good for photographing food and babies)
f/22= small aperture, a small amount of light, deep depth of field (good for photographing landscapes)
Shutter speed- determines how fast the light gets into the camera
1/60th of a second is the fastest for handheld photographs, otherwise use a tripod for anything slower
1/250th of a second or faster for freezing action
1/10th of a second or slower for nighttime photographs with a tripod
ISO- determines the sensitivity of the light
ISO 100- bright and sunny day
ISO 400- in the shade
ISO 800- inside
ISO 1600+- nighttime
Camera Settings:
M= Manual = you control the aperture and shutter speed for the exposure
S= Shutter Priority= shutter speed is the priority over aperture= use when movement is the most important element
A= Aperture Priority= aperture is the priority over shutter speed= use when want shallow or deep depth of field (i.e. food or landscape)
P= Program= camera determines what the best exposure is for the subject
Compositional Terms
Rule of thirds= most important subject is in the third quadrant of the photograph
Leading line= a pathway carries your eyes through the photograph
Simplicity= the subject is straightforward with a plain background
Symmetry= the two subjects are parallel and echo each other
Framing= your subject is framed by something like a window frame, gazebo, tree branches, etc
Crop= your subject is close up and shows detail and texture
Vantage Points= Where you stand when you are taking the photograph. Be sure to vary your position when taking the shot!
Worm's eye view- you are down on the ground
Bird's eye view- you are high above the subject
Side angle- you are to the side of the subject
Elements of Art
The building blocks of design
Color= warm colors/red, orange, yellow cool colors/ blue, green Primary colors: red, yellow, blue Monochromatic: shades of one color
Line= the first thing you see is a line throughout the composition
Value= the light and dark of a photograph
Space= how something goes out in the distance, or positive and negative space
Shape= organic- in nature inorganic- manmade (i.e. you would not see a rectangle in nature)
Form= three dimensional
Texture=surface detail of a subject, i.e. detail of fur
Principles of Art
The glue that sticks the design together
Unity= all elements work together, even unusual objects (i.e. the girl holding a monkey in a golden field)
Proportion= how something looks in size compared to another, i.e. a small person next to a mountain
Rhythm= repeated elements, like several sailboats in a row
Harmony= everything meshes together, like a sunset on a lake
Balance= symmetry- butterfly wings
Emphasis= the first thing a person looks at
Variety= something unusual in the photograph that you wouldn't see ordinarily